{"id":546,"date":"2016-01-27T12:02:09","date_gmt":"2016-01-27T12:02:09","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/mr-west.uk\/igcse\/?page_id=546"},"modified":"2021-03-24T10:26:48","modified_gmt":"2021-03-24T10:26:48","slug":"lesson-2-system-vs-application-software","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/igcseict\/lesson-2-system-vs-application-software\/","title":{"rendered":"What is software?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"responsive-tabs\">\n<h2 class=\"tabtitle\">Starter<\/h2>\n<div class=\"tabcontent\">\n\n<div class=\"arconix-column-two-thirds\">\n<h3>Starter<\/h3>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1092\" src=\"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/igcseict\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2016\/01\/hardware-lesson-review-crossword.png\" alt=\"hardware lesson review crossword\" width=\"520\" height=\"490\" srcset=\"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/igcseict\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2016\/01\/hardware-lesson-review-crossword.png 520w, https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/igcseict\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2016\/01\/hardware-lesson-review-crossword-300x283.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 520px) 100vw, 520px\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"arconix-column-one-third\">\n<p><strong>Across<\/strong><br \/>\n1. Used to connect a variety of devices directly to the motherboard.<br \/>\n4. Displays images and text in soft format.<br \/>\n5. Converts mains AC to low voltage DC current.<br \/>\n6. Most common text input device.<br \/>\n8. Another name for an external component.<br \/>\n<strong>Down<\/strong><br \/>\n1. Device that produces hard copies of documents<br \/>\n2. Used to control a pointer on a screen<br \/>\n3. Used to import hard copy pictures into a computer<br \/>\n4. All internal devices connect to this device<br \/>\n7. The &#8216;brain&#8217; of a computer<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div><h2 class=\"tabtitle\">Start-up Process<\/h2>\n<div class=\"tabcontent\">\n\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/presentation\/d\/1R_LY7GPcmhlUOPJw-eV9ab-ouKVqvXspYM67KCzqNjk\/embed?start=false&amp;loop=false&amp;delayms=3000\" width=\"960\" height=\"569\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n\n<\/div><h2 class=\"tabtitle\">Intro<\/h2>\n<div class=\"tabcontent\">\n\n<h3>What is software?<\/h3>\n<p>Software is any code that runs on the computer that you use. Software is stored in the computer&#8217;s memory and is executed when your runs.<\/p>\n<p>There are 2 types of code that run when you start a computer:<\/p>\n<div class=\"arconix-list\" data-arconix-icon=\"fa-chevron-circle-right\" data-arconix-color=\"black\">\n<ul>\n<li>Firmware (BIOS)<\/li>\n<li>Operating systems\u00a0(Windows, IOS and Android)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p>Once your computer has starter up and loaded, there are 2 types of<strong> software<\/strong> that you can load on the system:<\/p>\n<div class=\"arconix-list\" data-arconix-icon=\"fa-chevron-circle-right\" data-arconix-color=\"black\">\n<ul>\n<li>System Software (Disk defragmenters, Memory managers)<\/li>\n<li>Application Software (Games, office software, multimedia)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"arconix-list\" data-arconix-icon=\"fa-chevron-circle-right\" data-arconix-color=\"black\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"arconix-box arconix-box-lgreen\"><i class='fa fa-2x pull-left fa-info'><\/i><div class=\"arconix-box-content\">\n<p>Whilst Firmware and Operating System code is technically software, when using the term &#8216;software&#8217; the exam board are referring exclusively to:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>System Software<\/li>\n<li>Application Software<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><h2 class=\"tabtitle\">Firmware<\/h2>\n<div class=\"tabcontent\">\n\n<h3>What is Firmware?<\/h3>\n<p>Firmware is a computer code similar to software, however firmware is called firmware because it is located on a special chip. You can&#8217;t just copy and paste to these chips like you would with a hard drive or SD card, you have to &#8216;flash&#8217; to it. This makes it harder to copy and delete, therefore it is <strong>firm<\/strong>ware, rather than software.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_968\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-968\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-968 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/igcseict\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2016\/01\/bios-300x188.png\" alt=\"bios\" width=\"300\" height=\"188\" srcset=\"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/igcseict\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2016\/01\/bios-300x188.png 300w, https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/igcseict\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2016\/01\/bios.png 640w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-968\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Example of a BIOS firmware screen for a computer. These Startup Screens are often simple text-only screens.<\/p><\/div>\n<p>A piece of Firmware called the Basic Input Output System(BIOS) is the very first piece of code that runs on a computer system when you turn it on and it usually has 2 jobs:<\/p>\n<div class=\"arconix-list\" data-arconix-icon=\"fa-chevron-circle-right\" data-arconix-color=\"black\"><\/div>\n<ul>\n<li>Make sure there are no hardware malfunctions<\/li>\n<li>&#8216;Boot up&#8217; the operating system.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Small, single purpose devices often only have firmware ( no operating systems or software). Examples of devices that only have firmware are:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Routers<\/li>\n<li>Washing Machines<\/li>\n<li>Calculator<\/li>\n<li>Digital Cameras &amp; Camcorders<\/li>\n<li>MP3 Players<\/li>\n<li>Drones<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"arconix-box arconix-box-ltan\"><i class='fa fa-2x pull-left fa-pencil'><\/i><div class=\"arconix-box-content\">\n<p><strong>Activity<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Can you think of any other small devices that only have firmware? You might even be carrying one with you!<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><h2 class=\"tabtitle\">Operating systems<\/h2>\n<div class=\"tabcontent\">\n\n<h3>What is an Operating System?<\/h3>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-1059\" src=\"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/igcseict\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2016\/01\/operating-systems-274x300.png\" alt=\"operating systems\" width=\"274\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/igcseict\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2016\/01\/operating-systems-274x300.png 274w, https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/igcseict\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2016\/01\/operating-systems.png 476w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 274px) 100vw, 274px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Once your computer has loaded the firmware and check that the hardware components are functioning, it then loads the operating system. The job of the operating system to:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Control all the hardware devices on your computer<\/li>\n<li>Display a graphical or text based environment for the user to interact with.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Common examples of operating systems include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Microsoft Window<\/li>\n<li>Google Android<\/li>\n<li>Linux<\/li>\n<li>Apple OSX<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<\/div><h2 class=\"tabtitle\">Utilities<\/h2>\n<div class=\"tabcontent\">\n\n<div class=\"arconix-accordions arconix-accordions-vertical arconix-accordions-1\"><div class=\"arconix-accordion-title accordion-Whatissystemsoftware\"><i class=\"fa\"><\/i><p>What is system software?<\/p><\/div><div class=\"arconix-accordion-content\">\n<h3>What is\u00a0Utility\u00a0Software?<\/h3>\n<p>System utility software is software that is used to:<\/p>\n<div class=\"arconix-list\" data-arconix-icon=\"fa-chevron-circle-right\" data-arconix-color=\"black\">\n<ul>\n<li>update<\/li>\n<li>maintain<\/li>\n<li>or debug a \u00a0computer.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p>Common system software found on the Windows operating system include:<\/p>\n<div class=\"arconix-list\" data-arconix-icon=\"fa-chevron-circle-right\" data-arconix-color=\"black\">\n<ul>\n<li>Task Manager<\/li>\n<li>Disk Defragmentor<\/li>\n<li>Device Manager<\/li>\n<li>Drive Formatter<\/li>\n<li>Antivirus Software<\/li>\n<li>Anti-spy software<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"arconix-accordion-title accordion-TaskManager\"><i class=\"fa\"><\/i><p>Task Manager<\/p><\/div><div class=\"arconix-accordion-content\">\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/igcseict\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2016\/01\/TaskManager.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"364\" height=\"336\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Task manager displays a list of running processes and services.<\/li>\n<li>Allows you to &#8216;kill&#8217; running processes to speed up your system.<\/li>\n<li>Allows you to see how much memory and CPU power you machine is using.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"arconix-accordion-title accordion-DiskDefragmenter\"><i class=\"fa\"><\/i><p>Disk Defragmenter<\/p><\/div><div class=\"arconix-accordion-content\">\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/igcseict\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2016\/01\/pic010.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"484\" height=\"314\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Disk defragmenter searches your\u00a0hard drive for &#8216;fragmented&#8217; files ( essentially it tidies up your hard drive) and combines the files into a single location, making them quicker to load.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"arconix-accordion-title accordion-DeviceManager\"><i class=\"fa\"><\/i><p>Device Manager<\/p><\/div><div class=\"arconix-accordion-content\">\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/igcseict\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2016\/01\/ae0fc20c.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"563\" height=\"339\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Device manager&#8230;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>lists currently installed hardware on your computer.<\/li>\n<li>allows you to update device drivers(the software that controls hardware)<\/li>\n<li>Allows you disable problem or unwanted hardware.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"arconix-accordion-title accordion-DriveFormatter\"><i class=\"fa\"><\/i><p>Drive Formatter<\/p><\/div><div class=\"arconix-accordion-content\">\n<p>Drive formatter allows you to:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/igcseict\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2016\/01\/windows_format_drive_menu.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"425\" height=\"326\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Format new disks and drives, ready for first use.<\/p>\n<p>Reformat existing drives, removing existing content.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><h2 class=\"tabtitle\">Applications<\/h2>\n<div class=\"tabcontent\">\n\n<h3>What is Application Software?<\/h3>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-1060\" src=\"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/igcseict\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2016\/01\/app-1013616_640-300x206.jpg\" alt=\"app-1013616_640\" width=\"300\" height=\"206\" srcset=\"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/igcseict\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2016\/01\/app-1013616_640-300x206.jpg 300w, https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/igcseict\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2016\/01\/app-1013616_640.jpg 640w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Application software are programs or apps that allow you do something on the computer. They are usually part of the reason why you bought the device in the first place.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Application software include:<\/li>\n<li>Web Browsers<\/li>\n<li>Games<\/li>\n<li>Music Players<\/li>\n<li>Office Software (Word processing, spreadsheets, slideshow makers)<\/li>\n<li>Image video \/ editing<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"arconix-box arconix-box-ltan\"><i class='fa fa-2x pull-left fa-pencil'><\/i><div class=\"arconix-box-content\">\n<p><strong>Activity<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Have a look at your smartphone, if you have one with you.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Write down 5 examples on your phone of:\n<ol>\n<li>System Software<\/li>\n<li>Application Software<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>What is the name of your operating system.<\/li>\n<li>Can you access your device&#8217;s recovery screen? (usually you have to do a combination of key-presses!) This recovery screen is usually firmware based.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><h2 class=\"tabtitle\">Activity<\/h2>\n<div class=\"tabcontent\">\n\n<h3>Activity 1<\/h3>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-1068\" src=\"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/igcseict\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2016\/01\/notebook-1207548_640-300x195.jpg\" alt=\"notebook-1207548_640\" width=\"300\" height=\"195\" srcset=\"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/igcseict\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2016\/01\/notebook-1207548_640-300x195.jpg 300w, https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/igcseict\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2016\/01\/notebook-1207548_640.jpg 640w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Open up Google Drive and load up the Slides document &#8216;Topic 1 Notes&#8217; that you created last lesson. Add the following slides ( and more if you get time)<\/p>\n<div class=\"arconix-list\" data-arconix-icon=\"fa-chevron-circle-right\" data-arconix-color=\"black\">\n<ul>\n<li>Firmware<\/li>\n<li>Operating Systems<\/li>\n<li>System Utility Software<\/li>\n<li>Application Software<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h3>Activity 2 &#8211; System vs Application Worksheet<\/h3>\n<p>Print out this worksheet and have a go at filling it out!<\/p>\n<a href='https:\/\/drive.google.com\/open?id=0B4M7J3ubGpimZC1BT3BfejFkMzg' class='arconix-button arconix-button-medium arconix-button-green'>Worksheet Link<\/a>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n<\/div><h2 class=\"tabtitle\">Homework<\/h2>\n<div class=\"tabcontent\">\n\n<h3>Homework<\/h3>\n<p>Complete the &#8216;Lesson 2 &#8211; Software Review Quiz&#8221; on Quizmaster<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>What is software? Software is any code that runs on the computer that you use. Software is stored in the computer&#8217;s memory and is executed when your runs. There are 2 types of code that run when you start a computer: Once your computer has starter up and loaded, there are 2 types of software&hellip;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/igcseict\/lesson-2-system-vs-application-software\/\" class=\"\" rel=\"bookmark\">Read More &raquo;<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">What is software?<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":70,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":""},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>What is software? - IGCSE ICT<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/igcseict\/lesson-2-system-vs-application-software\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"What is software? - IGCSE ICT\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"What is software? 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There are 2 types of code that run when you start a computer: Once your computer has starter up and loaded, there are 2 types of software&hellip;&nbsp;Read More &raquo;What is software?","og_url":"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/igcseict\/lesson-2-system-vs-application-software\/","og_site_name":"IGCSE ICT","article_modified_time":"2021-03-24T10:26:48+00:00","og_image":[{"url":"http:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/igcseict\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2016\/01\/hardware-lesson-review-crossword.png"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Estimated reading time":"4 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/igcseict\/lesson-2-system-vs-application-software\/","url":"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/igcseict\/lesson-2-system-vs-application-software\/","name":"What is software? - IGCSE ICT","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/igcseict\/#website"},"datePublished":"2016-01-27T12:02:09+00:00","dateModified":"2021-03-24T10:26:48+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/igcseict\/lesson-2-system-vs-application-software\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-GB","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/igcseict\/lesson-2-system-vs-application-software\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/igcseict\/lesson-2-system-vs-application-software\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"IGCSE ICT Home","item":"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/igcseict\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"What is software?"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/igcseict\/#website","url":"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/igcseict\/","name":"IGCSE ICT","description":"Lessons &amp; Revision","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/igcseict\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/igcseict\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"en-GB"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/igcseict\/#organization","name":"IGCSE ICT","url":"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/igcseict\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-GB","@id":"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/igcseict\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/igcseict\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2019\/02\/LearnLearnLogowhite.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/igcseict\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2019\/02\/LearnLearnLogowhite.png","width":710,"height":98,"caption":"IGCSE ICT"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/igcseict\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}}]}},"rttpg_featured_image_url":null,"rttpg_author":{"display_name":"learnlearnadmin","author_link":"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/igcseict\/author\/learnlearnadmin\/"},"rttpg_comment":0,"rttpg_category":null,"rttpg_excerpt":"What is software? Software is any code that runs on the computer that you use. Software is stored in the computer&#8217;s memory and is executed when your runs. There are 2 types of code that run when you start a computer: Once your computer has starter up and loaded, there are 2 types of software&hellip;&nbsp;Read&hellip;","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/igcseict\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/546"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/igcseict\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/igcseict\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/igcseict\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/igcseict\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=546"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/igcseict\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/546\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1950,"href":"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/igcseict\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/546\/revisions\/1950"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/igcseict\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=546"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}