{"id":922,"date":"2023-11-12T20:12:56","date_gmt":"2023-11-12T20:12:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/ibcs\/?page_id=922"},"modified":"2023-11-12T20:22:24","modified_gmt":"2023-11-12T20:22:24","slug":"types-of-database","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/ibcs\/types-of-database\/","title":{"rendered":"Types of Database"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"responsive-tabs\">\n<h2 class=\"tabtitle\">Paper<\/h2>\n<div class=\"tabcontent\">\n\n<h2>Non-Electronic Databases<\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-927\" src=\"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/ibcs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/25\/2023\/11\/rolodex-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/ibcs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/25\/2023\/11\/rolodex-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/ibcs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/25\/2023\/11\/rolodex-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/ibcs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/25\/2023\/11\/rolodex-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/ibcs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/25\/2023\/11\/rolodex.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><b>Card Catalogs<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Traditional card catalogs were used in libraries to organize and categorize information about books and other resources.<\/p>\n<p><b>Filing Cabinets<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Filing cabinets with folders and physical documents are a classic example of non-electronic databases used in offices.<\/p>\n<p><b>Rolodex<\/b><\/p>\n<p>A Rolodex is a rotating file device used to store contact information<\/p>\n<p><b>Ledgers and Logbooks<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Businesses and organizations have historically used ledgers and logbooks to record transactions, inventory, or other types of data manually.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n<\/div><h2 class=\"tabtitle\">Flat File<\/h2>\n<div class=\"tabcontent\">\n\n<h2>Flat File Databases<\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-929\" src=\"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/ibcs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/25\/2023\/11\/flat-file-database-300x201.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"201\" srcset=\"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/ibcs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/25\/2023\/11\/flat-file-database-300x201.png 300w, https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/ibcs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/25\/2023\/11\/flat-file-database-768x514.png 768w, https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/ibcs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/25\/2023\/11\/flat-file-database.png 827w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Flat file databases store data in a plain text or binary file with a simple structure, usually a single table with a list of records. They are simple and easy to implement but may become unwieldy as data complexity increases.<\/p>\n<p><b>Example<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Spreadsheets<\/li>\n<li>CSV Files<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n<\/div><h2 class=\"tabtitle\">Relational<\/h2>\n<div class=\"tabcontent\">\n\n<h2>Relational Databases<\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-930\" src=\"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/ibcs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/25\/2023\/11\/entity-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/ibcs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/25\/2023\/11\/entity-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/ibcs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/25\/2023\/11\/entity-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/ibcs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/25\/2023\/11\/entity-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/ibcs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/25\/2023\/11\/entity.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>In relational databases, data is organized into tables with rows and columns. Each table\u00a0<b>represents an entity<\/b>(a thing), and the relationships between tables are defined.<\/p>\n<p>They provide a flexible and efficient way to manage structured data with complex relationships They are highly scalable and suitable for handling large volumes of data.<\/p>\n<p>Examples<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>MySQL<\/li>\n<li>SQLite<\/li>\n<li>PostgreSQL<\/li>\n<li>Oracle Database<\/li>\n<li>Microsoft SQL Server<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n<\/div><h2 class=\"tabtitle\">NoSQL <\/h2>\n<div class=\"tabcontent\">\n\n<h2>NoSQL Databases<\/h2>\n<p>NoSQL databases are designed to handle unstructured or semi-structured data and are more flexible than relational databases.<\/p>\n<p><b>Types of NoSQL databases<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>document-oriented (e.g., MongoDB)<\/li>\n<li>key-value stores (e.g., Redis)<\/li>\n<li>wide-column stores (e.g., Cassandra)<\/li>\n<li>graph databases (e.g., Neo4j)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n<\/div><h2 class=\"tabtitle\">Object-Oriented<\/h2>\n<div class=\"tabcontent\">\n\n<h2>Object-Oriented Databases<\/h2>\n<p>These databases are designed to work well with object-oriented programming languages.<\/p>\n<p>They store data as objects, making it easier to work with complex data structures.<\/p>\n<p>Examples include db4o and ObjectDB.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n<\/div><h2 class=\"tabtitle\">Graph <\/h2>\n<div class=\"tabcontent\">\n\n<h2>Graph Databases<\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-931\" src=\"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/ibcs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/25\/2023\/11\/nodes-graph-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/ibcs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/25\/2023\/11\/nodes-graph-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/ibcs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/25\/2023\/11\/nodes-graph-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/ibcs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/25\/2023\/11\/nodes-graph-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/ibcs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/25\/2023\/11\/nodes-graph.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Graph databases are designed to store and process data in the form of graphs with nodes, edges, and properties.<\/p>\n<p>They are useful for applications involving relationships and networks.<\/p>\n<p>Examples include Neo4j and Amazon Neptune.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n<\/div><h2 class=\"tabtitle\">Time-Series<\/h2>\n<div class=\"tabcontent\">\n\n<h2>Time-Series Databases<\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-932\" src=\"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/ibcs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/25\/2023\/11\/time-series-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/ibcs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/25\/2023\/11\/time-series-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/ibcs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/25\/2023\/11\/time-series-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/ibcs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/25\/2023\/11\/time-series-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/ibcs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/25\/2023\/11\/time-series.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>These databases are optimized for handling time-series data, which is data that changes over time.<\/p>\n<p>They are commonly used in applications like IoT, monitoring, and analytics.<\/p>\n<p>Examples include InfluxDB and OpenTSDB.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n<\/div><h2 class=\"tabtitle\">Spatial<\/h2>\n<div class=\"tabcontent\">\n\n<h2>Spatial Databases<\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-935\" src=\"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/ibcs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/25\/2023\/11\/globes-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/ibcs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/25\/2023\/11\/globes-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/ibcs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/25\/2023\/11\/globes-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/ibcs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/25\/2023\/11\/globes-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/ibcs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/25\/2023\/11\/globes.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Spatial databases are designed to store and query data related to spatial or geographic information.<\/p>\n<p>They are used in applications involving maps, GPS, and location-based services.<\/p>\n<p>Examples include PostGIS (an extension for PostgreSQL) and Oracle Spatial.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n<\/div><h2 class=\"tabtitle\">In-Memory<\/h2>\n<div class=\"tabcontent\">\n\n<h2>In-Memory Databases<\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-933\" src=\"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/ibcs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/25\/2023\/11\/ram-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"This database is entirely in RAM\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/ibcs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/25\/2023\/11\/ram-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/ibcs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/25\/2023\/11\/ram-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/ibcs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/25\/2023\/11\/ram-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/ibcs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/25\/2023\/11\/ram.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>In-memory databases store data in the system&#8217;s main memory (RAM) rather than on disk, allowing for faster data access.<\/p>\n<p>They are suitable for applications that require high-performance and low-latency.<\/p>\n<p>Examples include Redis and SAP HANA.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n<\/div><h2 class=\"tabtitle\">Distributed<\/h2>\n<div class=\"tabcontent\">\n\n<h2>Distributed Databases<\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-934\" src=\"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/ibcs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/25\/2023\/11\/f04dabcb-30d8-4297-859e-a0fbbb564963-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/ibcs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/25\/2023\/11\/f04dabcb-30d8-4297-859e-a0fbbb564963-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/ibcs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/25\/2023\/11\/f04dabcb-30d8-4297-859e-a0fbbb564963-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/ibcs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/25\/2023\/11\/f04dabcb-30d8-4297-859e-a0fbbb564963-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/ibcs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/25\/2023\/11\/f04dabcb-30d8-4297-859e-a0fbbb564963.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Distributed databases spread data across multiple nodes or servers, offering scalability and fault tolerance.<\/p>\n<p>Examples include Apache Cassandra, Amazon DynamoDB, and Google Cloud Spanner.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Non-Electronic Databases Card Catalogs Traditional card catalogs were used in libraries to organize and categorize information about books and other resources. Filing Cabinets Filing cabinets with folders and physical documents are a classic example of non-electronic databases used in offices. Rolodex A Rolodex is a rotating file device used to store contact information Ledgers and&hellip;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/ibcs\/types-of-database\/\" class=\"\" rel=\"bookmark\">Read More &raquo;<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Types of Database<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"on","neve_meta_content_width":95,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":""},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Types of Database - IB Computer Science<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/ibcs\/types-of-database\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Types of Database - IB Computer Science\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Non-Electronic Databases Card Catalogs Traditional card catalogs were used in libraries to organize and categorize information about books and other resources. 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Filing Cabinets Filing cabinets with folders and physical documents are a classic example of non-electronic databases used in offices. Rolodex A Rolodex is a rotating file device used to store contact information Ledgers and&hellip;&nbsp;Read&hellip;","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/ibcs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/922"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/ibcs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/ibcs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/ibcs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/ibcs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=922"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/ibcs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/922\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":928,"href":"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/ibcs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/922\/revisions\/928"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/ibcs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=922"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}