{"id":419,"date":"2018-01-22T14:58:07","date_gmt":"2018-01-22T14:58:07","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/gcsecs\/?page_id=419"},"modified":"2022-10-02T20:30:05","modified_gmt":"2022-10-02T20:30:05","slug":"color-image-representation","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/gcsecs\/color-image-representation\/","title":{"rendered":"Color Image Representation"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"responsive-tabs\">\n<h2 class=\"tabtitle\">Starter<\/h2>\n<div class=\"tabcontent\">\n\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/rgbgame.html\" width=\"850\" height=\"700\"><\/iframe><br \/>\n&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n<\/div><h2 class=\"tabtitle\">Intro<\/h2>\n<div class=\"tabcontent\">\n<br \/>\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/\/scratch.mit.edu\/projects\/embed\/138532254\/?autostart=false\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n\n<\/div><h2 class=\"tabtitle\">Creating  Colors<\/h2>\n<div class=\"tabcontent\">\n\n<div class=\"arconix-column-two-thirds\">\n<h2>Creating Colours using RGB Components<\/h2>\n<p>So far we have learnt how black &amp; white and gray-scale images are represented using binary, but what about colours?<\/p>\n<p>Well before we can look the colours are stored using binary, we need to have a look at how colours are created.<\/p>\n<p>When colours are created using light ( such as the light on your computer screen) , they are made up of a mixture or 3 colour components:<\/p>\n<div class=\"arconix-list\" data-arconix-icon=\"fa-chevron-circle-right\" data-arconix-color=\"black\"><\/div>\n<ul>\n<li>Red<\/li>\n<li>Green<\/li>\n<li>Blue<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"arconix-list\" data-arconix-icon=\"fa-chevron-circle-right\" data-arconix-color=\"black\"><\/div>\n<p>It is the<strong> brightness<\/strong> of each colour in the mix that creates all the colours that we use in our bitmaps!<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"arconix-column-one-third\">\n<div id=\"attachment_38\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-38\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-38 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/binary\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2017\/01\/rgb-300x300.png\" alt=\"Lesson 5 Color Images\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-38\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">A simple colour wheel showing the primary and secondary colours<\/p><\/div>\n<div id=\"attachment_122\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-122\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-122\" src=\"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/binary\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2017\/01\/colour-wheel-complex-300x300.png\" alt=\"A more complex colour wheel using different colour mixes\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-122\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">A more complex colour wheel using different colour mixes<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div><h2 class=\"tabtitle\">Binary RGB Colours<\/h2>\n<div class=\"tabcontent\">\n\n<h3>Binary RGB Colours<\/h3>\n<p>Binary RGB Colours are created using a mix of three colours, each set at a different brightness &#8211; 0 for black, 255 for 100% brightness.<\/p>\n<div class=\"arconix-list\" data-arconix-icon=\"fa-chevron-circle-right\" data-arconix-color=\"black\">\n<ul>\n<li>Red 0 to 255<\/li>\n<li>Green 0 to 255<\/li>\n<li>Blue 0 to 255<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"arconix-list\" data-arconix-icon=\"fa-chevron-circle-right\" data-arconix-color=\"black\"><\/div>\n<p>Although\u00a0this uses a large amount of bits (24 bits per\u00a0pixel vs 1 bit per pixel for B&amp;W), it also means that you can have a massive amount of different colors to choose from:<\/p>\n<div class=\"arconix-list\" data-arconix-icon=\"fa-chevron-circle-right\" data-arconix-color=\"black\"><\/div>\n<ul>\n<li>red x green x blue<\/li>\n<li>= 255 x 255 x 255<\/li>\n<li>= 16.7 Million possible colours!<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p>This type of colour system is known as 24bit colour and is the system most widely used world wide!<\/p>\n<h3>Example Colours using the 24 bit colour system<\/h3>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-115\" src=\"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/binary\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2017\/01\/complex-rgb-colours-fixed.png\" alt=\"complex-rgb-colours-fixed\" width=\"887\" height=\"358\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n<\/div><h2 class=\"tabtitle\">Practice<\/h2>\n<div class=\"tabcontent\">\n\n<div class=\"arconix-column-one-half\">\n<p><strong>RGB \u00a0to color<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>a. 255,0,0<\/p>\n<p>b. 0,255,255<\/p>\n<p>c. 125,125,125<\/p>\n<p>d. 0,0,0<\/p>\n<p>e. 255,0,255<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"arconix-column-one-half\">\n<p><strong>Color to binary<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>g. Orange<\/p>\n<p>h. Black<\/p>\n<p>i. Purple<\/p>\n<p>j. Brown<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"arconix-column-one-half\">\n<p><strong>Stretch Challenges<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Finished? Try these super hard challenges!<\/p>\n<p>k. 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000<\/p>\n<p>l. 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111<\/p>\n<p>m. 0101 1100 1100 0001 1110 1101<\/p>\n<p>n. Baby Pink ( convert to binary)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"arconix-column-one-half\">\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div><h2 class=\"tabtitle\">Image Sensors<\/h2>\n<div class=\"tabcontent\">\n\n<h3>How do image sensors work?<\/h3>\n<p>Modern digital cameras use CMOS sensors to take images. The sensor&#8217;s job is to detect light and convert it into digital data that can be displayed on screen.<\/p>\n<p>Image sensors use either a Charged-coupled device or a complimentary metal-oxide semiconductor to sense light. Watch this video to find out how they work.<\/p>\n<div class=\"nv-iframe-embed\">\n<div class=\"container-lazyload preview-lazyload container-youtube js-lazyload--not-loaded\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=kM5R8tB5wqQ\" class=\"lazy-load-youtube preview-lazyload preview-youtube\" data-video-title=\"How CCD and CMOS Sensors on cameras and scanners work\" title=\"Play video &quot;How CCD and CMOS Sensors on cameras and scanners work&quot;\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=kM5R8tB5wqQ<\/a><noscript>Video can&#8217;t be loaded because JavaScript is disabled: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=kM5R8tB5wqQ\" title=\"How CCD and CMOS Sensors on cameras and scanners work\">How CCD and CMOS Sensors on cameras and scanners work (https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=kM5R8tB5wqQ)<\/a><\/noscript><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n<\/div><h2 class=\"tabtitle\">Compression<\/h2>\n<div class=\"tabcontent\">\n\n<h3>Image Compression<\/h3>\n<p>High quality images are great, but there is a problem. As the resolution of modern cameras increases, so does the file size!<\/p>\n<p>A modern camera can take pictures of a resolution of up to 20 megapixels (20 million pixels) but this means that the image size will be massive!<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">20,000,000 pixels times by 24 bits per pixel = \u00a0480,000 bits \u00a0= 60 Megabytes per image.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>This\u00a0would mean that if you wanted to save your photos to a CD you could only save about 13 photos to each CD!!! Argh!!!<\/p>\n<p>This is rubbish. What we need is a way of making image files smaller &#8211; compression.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Lossless Compression ( 30 &#8211; 50 % file size reduction)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The first form of compression is called lossless compression. Lossless compress makes images smaller than their original size, without losing any of the details.<\/p>\n<p>TIFF is an example of a lossless file compression type.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Lossy Compression (70-95% file size reduction)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The second form of compression is known as<strong> lossy<\/strong> compression. These forms of compression use complex algorithms to reduce the file size in photos, whilst minimising the noticeable reduction in file quality.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_120\" style=\"width: 860px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"http:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/binary\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2017\/01\/JPEG_compression_Example.jpg\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-120\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-120\" src=\"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/binary\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2017\/01\/JPEG_compression_Example.jpg\" alt=\"Image quality reduction caused by extreme JPEG lossy compression. Click to enlarge\" width=\"850\" height=\"638\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-120\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Image quality reduction caused by too much\u00a0JPEG lossy compression. Click to enlarge<\/p><\/div>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/b\/b2\/JPEG_compression_Example.jpg\">Source : Wikipedia<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; Binary RGB Colours Binary RGB Colours are created using a mix of three colours, each set at a different brightness &#8211; 0 for black, 255 for 100% brightness. This type of colour system is known as 24bit colour and is the system most widely used world wide! Example Colours using the 24 bit colour&hellip;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/gcsecs\/color-image-representation\/\" class=\"\" rel=\"bookmark\">Read More &raquo;<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Color Image Representation<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":70,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":""},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Color Image Representation - GCSE Computer Science Theory<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/gcsecs\/color-image-representation\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Color Image Representation - GCSE Computer Science Theory\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"&nbsp; Binary RGB Colours Binary RGB Colours are created using a mix of three colours, each set at a different brightness &#8211; 0 for black, 255 for 100% brightness. 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This type of colour system is known as 24bit colour and is the system most widely used world wide! 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