Encryption Software
Encryption software uses complex algorithms that make it very difficult(usually impossible) to read the contents of a file or drive without the correct decryption key. You can either choose to encrypt individual files using encryption software or more commonly encrypt and entire file system or drive.
This reduces the chances of thieves or hackers accessing private, confidential or sensitive information.
Hackers have used encryption together with viruses to attack large organisations, encrypting the data and locking the organisation out of their files unless money is paid to them (usually in the form of an untraceable bitcoin transaction).
Example Ecryption Software
Bitlocker – include for free with most versions of Windows. Can be used to encrypt entire drives.
