{"id":181,"date":"2020-02-11T06:29:54","date_gmt":"2020-02-11T06:29:54","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/alevelcs\/?page_id=181"},"modified":"2023-09-13T09:27:35","modified_gmt":"2023-09-13T09:27:35","slug":"network-routing-collisions","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/alevelcs\/network-routing-collisions\/","title":{"rendered":"Network routing and collisions"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"responsive-tabs\">\n<h2 class=\"tabtitle\">CSMA\/CD<\/h2>\n<div class=\"tabcontent\">\n\n<h3>Carrier Sense Multiple Access \/ Collision Detection (CSMA\/CD)<\/h3>\n<div id=\"attachment_1558\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/alevelcs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2020\/02\/coaxial-cable-1.jpg\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1558\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-1558 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/alevelcs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2020\/02\/coaxial-cable-1-300x56.jpg?_t=1612390979\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"56\" srcset=\"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/alevelcs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2020\/02\/coaxial-cable-1-300x56.jpg 300w, https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/alevelcs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2020\/02\/coaxial-cable-1.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-1558\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Older Coaxial cables could only send data in one direction at a time (half duplex) so were prone to collisions.<\/p><\/div>\n<p>CSMA is an early\u00a0 MAC Address based ethernet protocol to verify that no other node is transmitting before sending data along early coaxial and twisted pair networks (Half Duplex Networks). It was later modified to include collision detection(CD) to terminate the transmission if a collision is detected.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The node senses to see if data is being transmitted.<\/li>\n<li>If no signal is detected it will send data.<\/li>\n<li>If it senses a signal it waits until the data has finished being sensed.<\/li>\n<li>If a collision is detected the node stops sending, sends out a jamming signal to notify that a collision has occurred. The node then waits a random amount of time to transmit again.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><\/h3>\n<div id=\"attachment_1560\" style=\"width: 224px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/alevelcs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2020\/02\/ethernet-cable.jpg\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1560\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\" wp-image-1560\" src=\"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/alevelcs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2020\/02\/ethernet-cable-300x259.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"214\" height=\"185\" srcset=\"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/alevelcs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2020\/02\/ethernet-cable-300x259.jpg 300w, https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/alevelcs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2020\/02\/ethernet-cable.jpg 355w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 214px) 100vw, 214px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-1560\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Modern twisted pair ethernet cables can send data in both directions at the same time(full-duplex) so are not as susceptible to collisions.<\/p><\/div>\n<p>On modern twisted pair ethernet cable networks full-duplex communication is possible and so CMSA\/CD is less of an issue.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n<\/div><h2 class=\"tabtitle\">CSMA\/CA<\/h2>\n<div class=\"tabcontent\">\n\n<h3>Carrier Sense Multiple Access \/ Collision Avoidance (CSMA\/CA)<\/h3>\n<p>This is the collision protocol used on wireless networks. Here a node listens for transmission before sending data.<\/p>\n<p>When all the data has been received the data the receiving node sends an acknowledgement that the data has been received. If the sender doesn&#8217;t receive the acknowledgement the sender starts the process all over again.<\/p>\n\n<\/div><h2 class=\"tabtitle\">Tutorial Video<\/h2>\n<div class=\"tabcontent\">\n\n<div class=\"nv-iframe-embed\">\n<div class=\"container-lazyload preview-lazyload container-youtube js-lazyload--not-loaded\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=iKn0GzF5-IU\" class=\"lazy-load-youtube preview-lazyload preview-youtube\" data-video-title=\"CSMA\/CD and CSMA\/CA Explained\" title=\"Play video &quot;CSMA\/CD and CSMA\/CA Explained&quot;\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=iKn0GzF5-IU<\/a><noscript>Video can&#8217;t be loaded because JavaScript is disabled: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=iKn0GzF5-IU\" title=\"CSMA\/CD and CSMA\/CA Explained\">CSMA\/CD and CSMA\/CA Explained (https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=iKn0GzF5-IU)<\/a><\/noscript><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div><h2 class=\"tabtitle\">RTS \/ CTS<\/h2>\n<div class=\"tabcontent\">\n\n<h3>Ready To Send \/ Clear To Send<\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n<\/div><h2 class=\"tabtitle\">Internet Routing<\/h2>\n<div class=\"tabcontent\">\n\n<h3>Internet Routing<\/h3>\n<div class=\"nv-iframe-embed\">\n<div class=\"container-lazyload preview-lazyload container-youtube js-lazyload--not-loaded\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=nomyRJehhnM\" class=\"lazy-load-youtube preview-lazyload preview-youtube\" data-video-title=\"Packet Transmission across the Internet. Networking &amp; TCP\/IP tutorial. TCP\/IP Explained\" title=\"Play video &quot;Packet Transmission across the Internet. Networking &amp; TCP\/IP tutorial. TCP\/IP Explained&quot;\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=nomyRJehhnM<\/a><noscript>Video can&#8217;t be loaded because JavaScript is disabled: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=nomyRJehhnM\" title=\"Packet Transmission across the Internet. Networking &amp; TCP\/IP tutorial. TCP\/IP Explained\">Packet Transmission across the Internet. Networking &amp; TCP\/IP tutorial. TCP\/IP Explained (https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=nomyRJehhnM)<\/a><\/noscript><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Carrier Sense Multiple Access \/ Collision Detection (CSMA\/CD) CSMA is an early\u00a0 MAC Address based ethernet protocol to verify that no other node is transmitting before sending data along early coaxial and twisted pair networks (Half Duplex Networks). It was later modified to include collision detection(CD) to terminate the transmission if a collision is detected.&hellip;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/alevelcs\/network-routing-collisions\/\" class=\"\" rel=\"bookmark\">Read More &raquo;<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Network routing and collisions<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"off","neve_meta_content_width":70,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":""},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Network routing and collisions - A Level Computer Science<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/alevelcs\/network-routing-collisions\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Network routing and collisions - A Level Computer Science\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Carrier Sense Multiple Access \/ Collision Detection (CSMA\/CD) CSMA is an early\u00a0 MAC Address based ethernet protocol to verify that no other node is transmitting before sending data along early coaxial and twisted pair networks (Half Duplex Networks). 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It was later modified to include collision detection(CD) to terminate the transmission if a collision is detected.&hellip;&nbsp;Read&hellip;","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/alevelcs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/181"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/alevelcs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/alevelcs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/alevelcs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/alevelcs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=181"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/alevelcs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/181\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2458,"href":"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/alevelcs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/181\/revisions\/2458"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/learnlearn.uk\/alevelcs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=181"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}